5/2/2023 0 Comments Amanda fletcher zoom video![]() Histological definition of the lungs identified around 45 different cell types ( Gehr, Bachofen, and Weibel 1978 Ross and Pawlina 2006), ranging from well-characterised lung epithelial cells to rare neuroendocrine and tuft cells and varying by location from the trachea to the small airways and alveoli ( Boers, Ambergen, and Thunnissen 1998 Travaglini et al. 2019)), making a better understanding of the cell types that define lung function imperative. Lung disease is the third-largest cause of mortality worldwide ( Angelidis et al. Overall, we provide a transcriptional and spatial lung atlas with multiple novel cell types that allows for the study of specific tissue microenvironments such as the newly defined gland-associated lymphoid niche (GALN). Using our transcriptomic data for cell-cell interaction analysis, we propose a signalling circuit that establishes and supports this niche. Finally, we define a survival niche for IgA-secreting plasma cells at the SMG, comprising the newly defined epithelial SMG-Duct cells, and B and T lineage immune cells. Secondly, we define additional cell types/states, as well as spatially map novel and known human airway cell types, such as adult lung chondrocytes, submucosal gland (SMG) duct cells, distinct pericyte and smooth muscle subtypes, immune-recruiting fibroblasts, peribronchial and perichondrial fibroblasts, peripheral nerve associated fibroblasts and Schwann cells. Firstly, we have generated single cell and nuclei RNA sequencing, VDJ-sequencing and Visium Spatial Transcriptomics data sets from 5 different locations of the human lung and airways. Here we present a multi-omics spatial lung atlas to define novel cell types which we map back into the macro- and micro-anatomical tissue context to define functional tissue microenvironments. Multiple distinct cell types of the human lung and airways have been defined by single cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq).
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